𝐒𝐩𝐚𝐧𝐢𝐬𝐡 𝐀𝐫𝐦𝐲 𝟏𝟖𝟗𝟓 - 𝟏𝟖𝟗𝟗 At the beginning of the revolution in 1896, the Spanish Army in the Philippines had about 13,000 troops, with most of them being native Filipinos, "Indios". However, these troops were often poorly trained and equipped, and lacked the discipline and morale needed to fight effectively. The Spanish Army in the Philippines was also hampered by the difficult terrain and harsh climate, as well as logistical challenges that made it difficult to supply and transport troops and equipment. Despite these challenges, the Spanish Army in the Philippines was able to mount a successful defense against the initial rebel attacks, due in part to the superior firepower of their modern weapons. However, over time, the Spanish Army faced increasing challenges from the growing number of revolutionaries and guerrilla fighters, who were able to take advantage of their knowledge of the local terrain and their ability to blend in with the civilian population.